Sample Questions

What is the mechanism of action of clopidogrel that contributes to its use in the management of acute coronary syndromes?

Which of the following is the most common adverse event associated with the use of doxorubicin in the CHOP regimen?

A 62-year-old female patient presents to the pharmacy with a chief complaint of persistent dry cough for the past two weeks. She mentions that the cough has not improved with over-the-counter cough suppressants. Her medical history is significant for hypertension and type 2 diabetes. The patient's current medications include lisinopril 20 mg daily and metformin 1000 mg twice daily, Amlodipine 5 mg daily, sitagliptin 100 mg daily.

Based on the patient's medication history, which of the following is the most likely cause of her persistent dry cough?

What is an important black box warning to discuss with BM related to her new prescription for Yasmin?

A 28-year-old male patient is prescribed ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally twice daily for 10 days to treat a urinary tract infection. Which of the following patient education points should the pharmacist emphasize when counseling the patient on the use of ciprofloxacin? (Select all that apply)

MR is a 75-year-old man newly diagnosed with osteoporosis. His past medical history includes hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and arthritis. He has an allergy to sulfa drugs, which causes rash and itching.

Vitals: Height 5'11'', Weight 88 kg, BP 130/80 mmHg, HR 68 BPM, RR 16 BPM, T 98.2°F

His current medications are metformin 500 mg twice daily, atorvastatin 40 mg daily, lisinopril 10 mg daily, and acetaminophen 500 mg as needed for arthritis pain. Based on the new Alzheimer's diagnosis, his healthcare provider decides to start him on risedronate 5 mg daily.

What is the most appropriate counseling point to provide to AC about her new osteoporosis medication?

A 32-year-old female patient presents with a prescription for Ciprofloxacin 500mg twice daily for 10 days.

She informs you that she just found out she's pregnant. What's the best course of action in this situation?

ML is a 68-year-old female with Parkinson's disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Her current medications include carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg three times a day, amlodipine 5 mg daily, metformin 500 mg twice a day, rosuvastatin 20 mg daily, and omeprazole 20 mg daily. Her physician has now decided to add entacapone to her medication regimen.

What is the primary mechanism of action of donepezil?

A 45-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes has just been prescribed metformin 1000 mg twice daily and sitagliptin 100 mg daily. During patient counseling, what important instruction should the pharmacist emphasize?

Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of entacapone, the new medication added to ML's regimen?

A 72-year-old male patient with a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension is newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. He has been recommended to initiate anticoagulant therapy. His current medications include ramipril and amlodipine. The patient's latest laboratory results are as follows: creatinine clearance (CrCl) of 11 mL/min, serum potassium of 5.5 mEq/L, and INR of 1.0.

Based on his renal function, which of the following anticoagulants would be the most appropriate choice for this patient?

Which of the following medications are considered to have a boxed warning regarding the risk of serious infections and malignancy?

The pharmacist is reviewing a new prescription for a patient with a penicillin allergy. The allergy was documented as an anaphylactic reaction.

Which of the following medications should be avoided in this patient? (Select all that apply)

Calculate the quantity of a 20% (w/w) ointment needed to deliver 4 grams of active drug.

A 63-year-old woman with stage III ovarian cancer is undergoing chemotherapy. She has a PICC line and is receiving her chemotherapy treatments at home.

What sterile compounding process would be used to prepare her chemotherapy drugs?

AM is a 56-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who has come to the pharmacy with a new prescription for Metformin 500 mg twice daily. His physician has diagnosed him with DM two months ago. AM's other medical history includes hypertension and hyperlipidemia. He is currently taking Lisinopril 10 mg once daily and Atorvastatin 20 mg once daily. He has no known drug allergies. His latest labs show an HbA1c of 7.8%.

According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) standards of care, what is the goal HbA1c for most adults with type 2 diabetes?

AM is a 56-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who has come to the pharmacy with a new prescription for Metformin 500 mg twice daily. His physician has diagnosed him with DM two months ago. AM's other medical history includes hypertension and hyperlipidemia. He is currently taking Lisinopril 10 mg once daily and Atorvastatin 20 mg once daily. He has no known drug allergies. His latest labs show an HbA1c of 7.8%. AM is concerned about potential side effects of Metformin.

Which of the following should be advised as a common side effect?

AM is a 56-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who has come to the pharmacy with a new prescription for Metformin 500 mg twice daily. His physician has diagnosed him with DM two months ago. AM's other medical history includes hypertension and hyperlipidemia. He is currently taking Lisinopril 10 mg once daily and Atorvastatin 20 mg once daily. He has no known drug allergies. His latest labs show an HbA1c of 7.8%.

Given AM's HbA1c of 7.8%, his new prescription for Metformin 500 mg twice daily, and his current medication list, which of the following would be an appropriate next step?

Which of the following laboratory tests should be regularly monitored in a patient on Lisinopril therapy?

HPI: CW is a 36-year-old woman newly diagnosed with HIV. She has no symptoms related to HIV but was tested during a routine medical examination. The healthcare provider has decided to initiate Atripla (efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) as her antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Past Medical History: No significant history

Immunization History: Up to date

Family History: Mother alive with hypertension, Father alive with type 2 diabetes

Allergies: No known allergies

Vitals: Height: 5'5", Weight: 130 lbs, BP 120/80 mmHg, HR 68 BPM, RR 16 BPM, T 98.6°F

Medications: Multivitamin daily

Labs:

CD4 count (cells/mm3): 450 (normal: 500-1500)

Viral load (copies/mL): 10000 (goal: undetectable)

What should be done before initiating Atripla in CW's case?